Okay so I walked into Barnes and Noble one afternoon in desperate search of a book that I could use for my book review. After having rejected all of the dozen or so books I was looking at, something caught my eye. There was a bright sticker on one of the books that said something like, "Research used in making of Lie To Me T.V. show." I was immediately attracted to this because anything that is related to television is interesting, right?
So I started reading the book and nothing about it is interesting, sure the beginning was alright only because it went into some of the famous lie that have happened over time. Yet the prospects the rest of the book would be just as good was small. It turns out that Paul Ekman, the writer of the book originally studied psychology and has research deception clues that increase the chances that people are lying. He tells us that there are a number of ways that these deception clues happen, such as facial expressions, body language, and involuntary things like heart beat and sweating.
He also starts to talk about how there are so many different human actions that happen because of many different situations, so no one can really tell if some one is lying or not. The presence of deception clues only increases the chance that people are lying. Yet some people who show no deception clues at all, also have a chance of lying, so Ekman says that a truly skilled lier will through in some slip ups to make it seem like they could be an innocent bystander.
He started to talk about the polygraph and how its accuracy and inaccuracies have changed the way the US thinks about interrogation and other stuff to deal with it. I'm actually planning on writing my paper focusing on the polygraph related aspect of that. I'm going to tie in some court case related research, where the judges deemed either the use of the polygraph as evidence as being constitutional or unconstitutional, or whether deemed appropriate as evidence because of the general inaccuracies of the polygraph. I've watched some tapes of interrogations using the polygraph and it's been useful in seeing the tactics that they use to get people to admit to crimes or to get them worked up enough that it almost looks like they've done the crime. I do believe from watching these videos that innocent people are very often deemed guilty because they show many factors that would make someone look guilty during an interrogation.
First off, many people have the view of the polygraph being like a godly devise that can always tell if you or lying, or it measures your brain waves in a certain section of your brain that is set of when you do lie. The real truth is, the polygraph only measures the frequency of stuff like heart beat, breath rate, also how much you perspire. If it truly measure whether you are lying or not we would have a lot more people in jail. When you enter the examination room they usually have you pick a card and then they tell you to answer whether what card it is as always no. They have it rigged so that when you say no to the card it actually is it makes a mark that you were lying. This ultimately destroys peoples confidence since they now think that it could tell that they were lying, since the people taking the test didn't know that the example was rigged. Another area where people get tripped up is that when you go into a high stress situation like this innocent people get really nervous because they've heard of people who were innocent getting tested as positive, therefore the takers of the test are quite stressed out. Often times there are important reasons for them not to fail the test and sometimes the consequences for failing the test are more than enough to make them have little slip ups. This is why I think it is quite unethical for polygraph tests to be held against people, especially if it's for a job like situation. I believe that it is entirely unethical for someone to be turned down for a job or to lose their job if they fail a polygraph test. There are a large percentage of truly honest people who fail the tests and it is entirely wrong for them to be held accountable for something they couldn't control in the first place. There have been enough studies to prove that more liers get away than actually innocent people. Natural liers are trained and ready for situations like this where intense pressure is put on them. If you can train yourself to focus and keep your heart beat and breath rate in great rhythm then you could ultimately fool the lie detector.
So... Ya not a book I would recommend but I'm kinda stuck with it now, but it does provide me with enough of a broad range of topics that I feel I will be able to tie in a bunch of outside information and possible have a great paper. The only problem will be how to get it started, and I think that I will be able to tie in the show enough that I won't have a real problem with it.